Posting the solution—YMMV—for a "VMware Fusion unrecoverable error: (vmx); Unexpected signal: 10" here for posterity since the only hints on VMware's site are incomplete.
Background
Attempted to resume the Windows 7 VM from its suspended state, and encountered the aforementioned error.
Solution
The error dialog said to "Collect Support Information" via the Help menu, and contact support. Was in somewhat of a bind because the VM was needed for a demo, and rolling back to the last snapshot would have been a pain. (Note to self: Take more frequent snapshots!) Fortunately, VMware's per incident support was quick to respond with instructions on how to blow away corrupt suspended state:
- Open Fusion.
- Go to the "Window" menu and select "Virtual Machine Library".
- Ctrl+click your virtual machine, and select "Show in Finder".
- The revealed object—it should have the same name as your virtual machine, and be suffixed ".vmwarevm"—is your virtual machine bundle.
- Ctrl+click your virtual machine bundle and select "Show Package Contents".
- Look for and delete any files or folders that end with: .lck, .vmss, .vmsd, or .vmsn
- Try powering on the virtual machine again.
Step #6 was key. Suggested to VMware support that there should be an easier way to delete suspended state since the menu item to power off the VM was dimmed out after the error occurred.

